近幾(ji)年(nian),隨著移(yi)動互聯技術的(de)(de)快速(su)發展,更多(duo)的(de)(de)消費者越(yue)來越(yue)習慣線(xian)(xian)上購物,2020年(nian)的(de)(de)新(xin)冠疫情更是加(jia)速(su)了線(xian)(xian)下(xia)(xia)購物向線(xian)(xian)上購物轉移(yi)的(de)(de)趨(qu)勢。同時,多(duo)多(duo)買菜、寶能生(sheng)鮮、京東(dong)生(sheng)鮮等電商巨頭也紛紛加(jia)入了生(sheng)鮮品(pin)類的(de)(de)社(she)區團(tuan)購,來搶(qiang)奪超市(shi)(shi)實體(ti)店(dian)的(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)份額,使整(zheng)個(ge)超市(shi)(shi)行業競爭日趨(qu)白熱化(hua)。為(wei)扭轉不(bu)利局面,超市(shi)(shi)實體(ti)店(dian)只有(you)不(bu)斷(duan)創(chuang)新(xin),快速(su)適(shi)應(ying)環境變化(hua),才(cai)能穩(wen)健地發展下(xia)(xia)去。
合作機(ji)制創新是根本。經(jing)(jing)過多年的(de)發展,超(chao)市行(xing)(xing)業已(yi)經(jing)(jing)成為(wei)一(yi)(yi)個起(qi)點低、短兵(bing)相接(jie)的(de)行(xing)(xing)業,利潤(run)率越(yue)來越(yue)低,但(dan)競爭卻越(yue)來越(yue)激(ji)烈。很多超(chao)市為(wei)了(le)調(diao)動(dong)主(zhu)要經(jing)(jing)營者的(de)積(ji)極性,主(zhu)動(dong)對企業機(ji)制進行(xing)(xing)創新,其中“合伙人(ren)模式”是比較(jiao)成功的(de)一(yi)(yi)種機(ji)制創新,即讓(rang)門店(dian)主(zhu)要經(jing)(jing)營人(ren)員(yuan)獲得一(yi)(yi)定數(shu)量的(de)“股份”,該“股份”雖只享有(you)企業利潤(run)分紅的(de)權益,卻改變了(le)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)與(yu)公司之間的(de)雇傭(yong)關系,讓(rang)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)身份從“打(da)工(gong)(gong)仔(zi)”轉變為(wei)“公司主(zhu)人(ren)”,觀(guan)念從“給老(lao)板打(da)工(gong)(gong)”轉變為(wei)“給自己打(da)工(gong)(gong)”,工(gong)(gong)作積(ji)極性和責任心(xin)明(ming)顯(xian)提(ti)高,從而(er)帶(dai)動(dong)了(le)門店(dian)整體業績的(de)快速提(ti)升。
激勵機制(zhi)創(chuang)新是保障(zhang)。激烈競爭導致超市(shi)行業整體(ti)利潤率不(bu)高(gao)和員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人均收(shou)(shou)入偏低(di),招工(gong)(gong)(gong)難、員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)整體(ti)年齡偏大,超市(shi)門店內四五十歲(sui)的員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)越來越多(duo),而(er)低(di)薪資收(shou)(shou)入也(ye)造成了員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)責任心不(bu)強(qiang)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)作積(ji)極性(xing)不(bu)高(gao)等問(wen)題的出現。所以(yi)超市(shi)行業更應創(chuang)新激勵機制(zhi),充(chong)(chong)分(fen)體(ti)現“多(duo)勞多(duo)得”原則,讓(rang)每(mei)一個(ge)(ge)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的收(shou)(shou)入與其工(gong)(gong)(gong)作業績(ji)進(jin)行有(you)效掛鉤,降低(di)保底工(gong)(gong)(gong)資等固(gu)定工(gong)(gong)(gong)資收(shou)(shou)入,提(ti)高(gao)銷(xiao)售提(ti)成等績(ji)效工(gong)(gong)(gong)資收(shou)(shou)入,靈活(huo)運用各種物質獎勵和榮(rong)譽獎勵等激勵手段(duan),充(chong)(chong)分(fen)調動(dong)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作積(ji)極性(xing),提(ti)高(gao)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)創(chuang)新工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的熱情(qing),最終達到提(ti)升(sheng)每(mei)個(ge)(ge)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)所負責品類(lei)的日常銷(xiao)量和業績(ji)。
銷售(shou)(shou)模(mo)式(shi)創新(xin)是關鍵。中國經(jing)濟經(jing)過幾(ji)十年的快速發展,已由賣方(fang)(fang)(fang)市(shi)場轉變為買方(fang)(fang)(fang)市(shi)場,商(shang)品短缺時代早(zao)已成為過去,出現了(le)(le)(le)“酒(jiu)香也怕巷(xiang)子深”的現象。所以,很多超市(shi)商(shang)家都及時改變了(le)(le)(le)以往(wang)那種“守株待(dai)兔、等(deng)客上門(men)”的營銷方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi),主動出擊(ji),入駐京東、天(tian)貓(mao)等(deng)電商(shang)平(ping)臺(tai),開辟線上銷售(shou)(shou)(第二種零(ling)(ling)售(shou)(shou))模(mo)式(shi),并積極嘗試(shi)直播帶貨(huo)、抖音、微信自(zi)媒體等(deng)新(xin)型(xing)營銷模(mo)式(shi),對復購(gou)率較高的快消品則采(cai)取(qu)了(le)(le)(le)“消費者線上下單、到店取(qu)貨(huo)”的社(she)區團(tuan)購(gou)(第三(san)種零(ling)(ling)售(shou)(shou))模(mo)式(shi),以吸引更多客流到店。同(tong)時,很多商(shang)家還(huan)積極參與大型(xing)廠(chang)家、銀(yin)行、保險(xian)公司等(deng)機(ji)構的職工(gong)食(shi)堂、禮品采(cai)購(gou)、兩(liang)節福利(li)等(deng)特通渠道(第四種銷售(shou)(shou)),以提升銷售(shou)(shou)業績,擴大市(shi)場占有率。
顧客(ke)體(ti)驗創新是基礎。顧客(ke)在實體(ti)店(dian)購物,直接(jie)接(jie)觸商(shang)品(pin),購物體(ti)驗感(gan)要明顯優(you)于線(xian)上。因(yin)此(ci)實體(ti)店(dian)一(yi)定(ding)要亮化燈光(guang)、節日氣氛點綴等(deng)賣(mai)場(chang)(chang)(chang)環境裝飾,在現場(chang)(chang)(chang)品(pin)嘗、現場(chang)(chang)(chang)加(jia)工等(deng)促銷方面加(jia)強與顧客(ke)的互動(dong),并適時對賣(mai)場(chang)(chang)(chang)布局結構(gou)進行調整,以滿足顧客(ke)喜(xi)新厭舊的心理(li)。同時增加(jia)自主收銀、刷臉(lian)支付、自主稱重等(deng)購物體(ti)驗,讓(rang)顧客(ke)體(ti)驗感(gan)更強,購物更舒適,更愿意到(dao)店(dian)來(lai)購物消(xiao)費。
打鐵還需(xu)自身硬。門店在做(zuo)好以上創(chuang)新工作(zuo)的(de)同(tong)時,更要從超市(shi)核心(xin)競爭力(li)——商品(pin)出發(fa),做(zuo)好新品(pin)的(de)引(yin)進工作(zuo),把控好商品(pin)的(de)質量,使商品(pin)結構不(bu)斷優化(hua),商品(pin)賣(mai)點更加突出。根深才能葉(xie)茂,只(zhi)有打下堅實(shi)的(de)基礎(chu),才能使超市(shi)創(chuang)新工作(zuo)得(de)到有力(li)支撐,增大創(chuang)新的(de)可能性,達(da)到事半(ban)功倍的(de)效果,使創(chuang)新成為超市(shi)實(shi)體店發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)源頭力(li)量,不(bu)斷推動(dong)其健康穩健發(fa)展(zhan)。
(保障板塊 蔡治德)